Deep in the hushed halls of a small Japanese museum, a strange artifact has piqued the world’s curiosity. Behind a glass case, a mummified “mermaid” with a grotesque face and distorted features defies both scientific paradigm and human imagination. For centuries, myths and legends of half-human, half-fish creatures have haunted folklore around the world. Now, the surprising discovery of this preserved specimen may provide clues to the origins of one of the most uplifting tales in human history.

The mummy, which is about 30 cm long, has a humanoid body with claws and a muscular face, combined with a fish-like tail. Discovered in a temple in Okayama Prefecture, Japan, the existence of the artifact was documented in local archives more than 300 years ago. However, it wasn’t until recent studies began to be conducted that the world began to pay attention to it.

Researchers from the Karashiki University of Science and Arts were tasked with discovering the origins of the artifact. Using radiocarbon data, DNA analysis, and advanced imaging techniques, they sought to determine whether the mermaid was simply a fabrication of animal parts or something more extraordinary.

The concept of mermaids dates back to ancient civilizations. From the Assyrian goddess Atargatis, depicted with the lower body of a fish, to medieval European sailors’ tales of how mermaids lured them to their doom, the fascination with aquatic hybrids is a recurring theme in Hummonic culture.

In Japan, “pipgyo” (人魚) are mythical fish-humus hybrids believed to bring blessings or curses. The flesh of an edible pipgyo was believed to grant immortality, while an ecological pipgyo was considered a disaster. This mummy fits these descriptions eerily, although its macabre appearance is less like its sister.

Experts believe the mermaid mummy may be a hoax made during Japan’s Edo period (1603–1868), a time when such objects were created for profit or religious purposes. The craftsman often combined monkey torsos with fish tails to produce covetable “dials.” However, the intricate details of this mummy, from its facial features to its meticulously preserved tail, set it apart from typical forgeries.

Dr Hiroshi Kato, a Marian biologist leading the investigation, said: “The level of craftsmanship is astonishing. If this is a fake, it is one of the most elaborate hoaxes in history.”

The preliminary results of the research are as intriguing as the artifact itself. Radiocarbon dating of the scales suggests an age of about 200 years, which is consistent with the Edo period timeline. DNA analysis, however, revealed a mosaic of geographic material, including compounds from fish, primates and humans.

Dr. Kato’s team also used CT scans to examine the internal structure. The scales revealed a complex structure of body fibers and bone, indicating deliberate assembly. Despite these facts, the mystery remains: why would someone go to such lengths to create such an artifact?

Mermaids hold a special place in the collective imagination. In all cultures, they symbolize beauty, danger and love. In Japanese art and literature, pygyo often reflects humanity’s relationship with passion, a mixture of reverence and fear.

Anthropologist Aiko Takaka explains: “This mummy represents more than a myth. It is a physical manifestation of the way in which contemporary people sought to explain their world and its mysteries.”

The discovery of the mummy has sparked renewed interest in Nigyo’s stories, attracting visitors from around the world. It can be seen as a reminder of the delicate balance between science and folklore.

The discovery has also raised ethical questions. Should such objects be put on display while their origins — and potential exploitation — remain unclear? Researchers and activists have debated whether the mummies should be treated as relics or spiritual curiosities.

“Objects like these challenge our legacy of history and our beliefs,” said Dr. Takaka. “It is essential that we preserve them responsibly for future generations.”

Future research aims to delve deeper into the mummy’s creation process. By analyzing the techniques and materials used, scientists hope to learn more about the motivations behind its construction.

Visitors who have stood before the mermaid’s mummy have experienced a range of reactions, from amazement to comfort. For many, it is a surreal experience to come face to face with a mythical creature. The artifact’s grotesque features are a stark reminder of humanity’s relentless quest to bridge the gap between reality and imagination.

Ultimately, whether a hoax, a relic, or an unexplained phenomenon, the mermaid mummy is bound to fascinate. It is a testament to the timeless power of storytelling and the mysteries that lie beneath the waves.